Military Architecture and its Impact on the Formation of Islamic Applied Arts "An archaeological and Artistic Study in the Light of Two Masterpieces Published for the First Time"

The techniques of Islamic architecture were associated with many forms of military buildings, and the construction of towers, castles, forts, and walled cities was at the forefront of what man has been concerned with since ancient times. The buildings with a military feature are considered among the most prominent, oldest, and clearest left by man, and an indication of the features of his history and military activities. It also reflected the systems of social, cultural, religious, political and military life and the extent of their development in times of peace and war, in addition to the fact that these buildings were the more old they became, the more important and significant they became, especially from the historical and archaeological aspects. There has become a necessary and urgent need to study it in order to find out its architectural characteristics, its defensive elements, and its importance in the place in which it was built, in order to draw a true picture of a prominent example of the various models of Islamic architecture, which were built in various parts of the Islamic world. The Muslim conquest of Andalusia represented a strategic extension of the conquests of Egypt, North Africa, Morocco, and Spain which still maintains a huge architectural heritage of military buildings, whether it is city walls, castles or fortresses. The military architectural facilities also had a prominent and effective role in the field of Islamic architecture. It also had a clear role in the decoration and formation of applied arts, especially the Andalusian Islamic castles. This research aims to shed light on the applied artifacts formed in the shape of military constructions, especially the Islamic ceramic artifacts or the so-called masterpieces of the applied Islamic arts in light of two unpublished masterpieces.